Concrete beam span co. Typically, for a residential building with an RCC column, the beam depth should be 9-inches (230 mm) thick for spans of 3m to 4m, with a minimum beam size of 9 in. The ends of these beams are free to rotate and have no moment resistance. These huge box beams—223 feet long and 480,000 pounds—form the main span of the new bridge in Zuidhorn. 4 lis the span, Gis the total of the ULS permanent actions, Qis the total of the ULS variable actions. 5 3 4 5 01636 832000 email: concrete@bison. 5q k l x = length of short span l y = length of long span k = l y /l x Beams in a building can also be subjected to other loads and the typical values are; Self-weight – Depends on the dimensions of the beam = (unit weight of concrete × width × depth) Reinforced concrete beams are used where the loads/spans are too great to use timber or steel beams, and a stronger and larger section size is required. Our tool is designed to provide you with simple, fast, and powerful results, so you can make informed decisions quickly. Design of Reinforced Concrete Beams per ACI 318-02 Course Content A) Flexural Strength of Reinforced Concrete Beams and Slabs 1. i want to know how to find the depth of the beam with the span length for roof beam,having rafter roofing over the beam. By the late 20th century, durable upper limits of span were established for these types: the largest covered stadium had a span of 204 Two-Way Concrete Floor Slab with Beams Design and Detailing Design the slab system shown in Figure 1 for an intermediate floor where the story height = 12 ft, column cross- clear span in the long direction 22 18/12 1. This table is meant to provide specifiers with a guide to our products and the limitations and use of the beams within the beam and block T Beams - Effective Flange Width, be Slab on one side: be least of either (total width) or (overhang + stem) • Total width: 1/12 of the beam span • Overhang: 6 x slab thickness • Overhang: ½ the clear distance to next beam Slab on both sides: be least of either (total width) or (2 x overhang + stem) • Total width: ¼ of the beam span spans indicated below allow for characteristic imposed load plus self weight plus 1. , the preliminary beam depth does not satisfy the minimum depth Ready-mix concrete with a specified compressive strength of 40 MPa and a measured average compressive strength of 47. ) Use #3 bars for stirrups (A s = 0. Table 3: Span to depth ratio based on the span and type of beams, concrete beams can span up to 8m without the need for subfloor walls, although a typical span is around 6m or less. The following table presents limits on slab span/effective depth ratio which can be used to work out the correct thickness for slabs directly at the start of design, without any need for later adjustments. The beam supports an ultimate line load of 100kN/m2. 1. 2 I in. It is backed by site-based research. Width of beam: 16 in. 3. The Doubly Reinforced Concrete Beam Design (ACI 318-14) Determine the required reinforcement steel area for a concrete beam carrying service dead and live loads. 3. 11 in. Note that for a physical member to see a support, there must be a Maximum ratios of computed deflection to span L for beams and slabs as per ACI 318: The Building Code: Types of member Deflection to be considered Deflection Limit Flat roofs not supporting or attached to non-structural elements likely to Title: Shear Strength of Two-Span Continous Reinforced Concrete Beams Author(s): Jose J. Material strength (fc` and fy) are given. We can have any span for the beam but in the same time Commonly, shear forces are maximum at supports of beams and decrease towards the middle of the beam span. uk beam and block - load-span tables The increased spans achieved by using 225mm concrete beams are a popular choice in larger domestic properties and garages as well as commercial, industrial and educational buildings. Designing rectangular concrete reinforced beams made easy with this comprehensive guide for Australian structural engineers, covering AS 3600:2018 code requirements and calculations. Slab Extending One Side Only (L-Beam): L is the span. Presents results of tests on 2 1 rectangular, two-span continuous reinforced concrete beams with more than two concentrated loads per span. Series II studied behavior and mode of failure with low precentages of web reinforcement. Design of rectangular beam with tension reinforcement (singly reinforcement) with pre-specified dimensions (b,h): In design problem, usually the beam span, beam dimensions (b, h), dead and live loads are given. According to general Thumb Rule for residential building with rcc column, beam depth for 3m to 4m span should be 9″ (225mm), See more Span to depth ratios are guidelines which Structural Engineers adopt to assist in forming their structural scheme. The bottom reinforcement in precast lintels may be used to satisfy the continuous bond beam bottom reinforcement requirement. RC concrete beams cracks in flexure due to principal tension stresses which are horizontal in the middle of the beam span. 75: 1. Because these beams are considerably longer and heavier we can only mechanically off-load 225mm beams up to 6200mm length. MAXIMUM SPAN/LENGTH OF THE BEAM. The load / span chart below clearly shows the maximum span for the required loading using either aerated, PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF PRECAST/PRESTRESSED CONCRETE COMPONENTS CHAPTER 3 PCI DESIGN HANDBOOK/EIGHTH EDITION 3 3. 1) to waive deflection computations. Series I studied the accuracy of web reinforcement designed by ACI 318-56. All beam specimens were 850 mm long with a cross section of 150 × 250 mm and a shear span to beam depth ratio (a/d) of 1. Key benefits • Quick to install, with minimal ground work required • Extremely robust and strong • Can span up to 8m without the need for a subfloor wall • Excellent thermal performance and works well with underfloor heating Check the minimum beam depth requirement of ACI 318-14 (Table 9. Steel, spans also range from 15 feet to 45 feet in 5-foot increments for each of the beam spans noted. This means that a beam can be as long as 4671mm, without exceeding the maximum allowable spacing of the supporting walls. Ductility Criteria. A simply supported reinforced concrete beam carries by 800 mm depth and has three equal spans of 6m. Each internal point is NOT automatically treated as a support. Using the minimum depth for non-prestressed beams in Table 9. Types of Concrete Beams Beams are classified as. Alan on September 23, 2015 at 12:34 am said: The following sections from the PCI Design Handbook include interaction curves, load tables, and section properties for various precast concrete components. 4. The ClearCalcs Concrete Beam Calculator allows users to design concrete beams by specifying the desired load cases and dimensions of the beam. Is the design process as simple as scaling up the design for 300mm deep x 6m long beams for example or is there additional items i need to consider? What size beam do i need for a 26 foot span. beams. A in. = 8. The longitudinal reinforcements of 2Φ20 + 2Φ18 were configured in the Learn how to find the required amount of steel to carry the moment demand in a reinforced concrete beam. Dead loads address the self-weight of the floor/roof framing system. In this example the ratio of the two adjacent spans lengths exceeds 1. Step 2: Determine Beam Dimensions and Span Length. Effective Span of Slab The effective span of a simply supported slab shall be taken as the lesser of the following: Distance between the centers of bearings, Clear span plus effective One of the critical aspects of building design is determining the maximum beam span. 5 l h u ACI 318-14 (Table 9. They can be used in either buildings or bridges and are usually adopted to determine preliminary sizes for Beams are structural member of reinforced concrete building placed horizontally to transfer loads to its supports like walls, beams, and columns. The beam is to have a fire rating of 1hour, the grade of concrete is C30/37 and the A bridge beam can be used in beam-and-slab, solid slab and voided slab deck types and are suitable for simply supported, continuous and integral spans. ACI Secs. 5 m span and 1. 0m supports a 230mm brick wall as shown in figure 7. Span/depth ratios for reinforced concrete slab design to BS8110. Publication The properties of the beam and section are specified by typing directly into the input fields. The Concrete Society publication: TR58: Deflections in concrete slabs and beams, 2005, or How to design concrete structures using Eurocode 2: Deflection Calculations. 3-14) Simply supported beams consist of one span with one support at each end, one is a pinned support and the other is a roller support. Web dimensions, which are determined by negative moments requirements at supports, are b w = 275 mm and d= 500 mm. 15m3/m2 used per 260mm slab – R180- R200/m2; TOTAL COST PER M2: R860-R900 excl An important role in choosing the lenght of concrete beam is played by self restrained deformations such as thermal effect and shrinkage. h in. However, the hybrid ratio of steel bars/GFRP is critical for restricting the extent of moment redistribution ratios. For continuous beam span to effective depth ratio is 26 (span/effective depth=26), given span 25 foot We can always take the standard size of the rcc concrete beam size at least 230mm x 230mm (9” x 9”) in which width and depth of beam is 230mm (9″). 106 and internal shear coefficient = 0. 50 5. × 9 in. For 30 psf roof dead load, multiply allowable clear spans eFloor Plus uses pre-stressed concrete T-beams with expanded polystyrene (EPS) infill panels between each beam and a variable depth closed-cell expanded top layer. Th e beam also . 2, d b Simply Supported Reinforced Concrete Beam Analysis and Design (CSA A23. Long Span Beams Long Span Trusses Portal Frames Some of the oldest long span structures dated back to the Roman civilization. 2 18/ 12 E Figure 4 – Effective Beam and Slab Sections (Interior Beam) Use 4-foot (1219 mm) roof span for lintels in endwalls. Normally, your local Eurocode 2 introduces new span/depth rules for the design of reinforced concrete beams and slabs. 14359/11409 Date: 4/1/1959 Abstract: Fifty-two continuous reinforced concrete beams were Minimum thickness of concrete slab, beam, column, foundation and other structural members is selected to meet the design requirements as per standard codes. Therefore, beam/girder depths tabulated cover 28 different bay sizes for each of three load cases. Initial sizing is done based on the span to depth ratio. The test results Example 1: Design of a simply supported reinforced concrete beam. 128 in. What is the tensile steel area required at midspan to support a factored moment of 725 KN. It is intended that these tables will be used by engineers to assist in the preliminary design to self weight of the wet concrete, ponding and steel beam and rounding down to 155mm deep T beam (1 hour fire resistance) Medium Density Infill blocks 1450kg/m 3 Maximum Clear Span* in metres below allows for the characteristics live loads as stated + Self weight + 1. Diameter of stirrup, 0. We specialise in the design, manufacture, supply and installation of precast concrete 2 Applicable to 3 or more spans only and where Q k ≥ G k. 1) Therefore, since h min = 25. Simple Beam; Continuous Beam; Semi-Continuous Beam; cantilever beam; T- beam; 1. 2, d b = 1. Simple Concrete Where; n = ultimate pressure load on the slab = 1. Experience acquired from casting a reinforced concrete beam of nominal span 36 m is elucidated. Concrete Beams Reinforced concrete beam design consists primarily of producing member details which will adequately resist the ultimate bending moments, shear forces and torsional moments. There are numerous typical Girder is a type of beam that supports one or more smaller beam. 5 and 10. These are investigated from practical and theoretical points of view and serious problems found. Length of beam: 20 ft. Long beams are finding increased use in externally prestressed concrete beam by using finite element model and results were compared with experimental value. Normal weight concrete unit weight used in the designs is Tekla Structural Designer controls deflections either by limiting span to depth ratios, or by applying the simplified method. Bianchini, Ivan M. Given: A simply supported reinforced concrete beam is supporting uniform dead and live loads. For roof dead loads more than 10 psf: For 20 psf roof dead load, multiply allowable clear spans by 0. eFloor Plus is a high quality alternative to traditional block & beam flooring, with numerous advantages, which make it perfect for home-builders. One beam without any openings served as the control specimen, while the remaining two beams featured circular or rectangular openings within the shear span. 63 both sides). Our pre-stressed concrete beams greatly reduce and simplify Reinforced concrete beams are placed over an open span to help carry and transfer the loads from slabs, walls and other beams to columns supporting them. There are at least two spans. In this article, we will provide a comprehensive guide to designing reinforced concrete beams, covering key principles, steps, and considerations. With 100mm thick blocks (max density = 650 kg/m3) 650 kg/m3 infill, 65mm screed: Free Online Multi-span Beam Calculator. Area of the Cross-Section is specific to the beam section selected, and is defaulted to the values Welcome to the concrete beam capacity calculator — your go-to solution for checking the moment and shear capacity of concrete beam sections. The limiting span-depth ratio can be estimated using equations Two-Way Concrete Floor Slab with Beams Design and Detailing Design the slab system shown in Figure 1 for an intermediate floor where the story height = 12 ft, column cross- clear span in the long direction 22 18/12 1. You can access tables from previous editions of the handbook as well as the current edition. Stressing of the tendons typically occurs 3 to 4 days after placing the concrete so there are no superimposed loads. Beams longer than this will require contains span tables covering various primary and secondary beam spans with common design floor loadings. Moreover, using the same hybrid reinforcement ratios at sagging and Precast Concrete Beams & Columns. 35g k + 1. TPB beams with the same span of 400 mm but various depths (100 mm, 150 mm and 200 mm), were tested to study the crack propagation behaviors of concrete. The free calculation report also includes detailed equations and code references Concrete Calculator Regenera Solutions. Effective depth: d = D – (cover)- (dia of bottom bar/2) D = effective depth. ie 1000mm deep x 17m long. 0 Shopping Cart. First, check With capacity to integrate up to 20 spans and two cantilevers of wide variety of floor system types, spBeam is equipped to provide cost-effective, accurate, and fast Concrete Beams Casting of long span reinforced concrete beams with large sections may produce considerable difficulties to the in-situ construction process, especially when the construction is supported on the base of quite limited capacities. Introduction The following assumptions are made in defining the behavior of a beam member with span-to-depth (Ln/h) ratio greater than 4: 1. m? Finally, our entire prestressed concrete floor beam products are ½ hour fire rated. 21 × 10 4 MPa. Hasanain M. What are the design variables of reinforced concrete beam? IS 456 2000 provides span to depth ratio to control deflection of beam as provided in Table 2. Live load: 800 lb/ft. The percent balanced load is typically between 65 to 100% of the concrete self weight. 3 Minimum span ≥0. Other symbols are as defined in figure below. - 2 1/2 in. Design data: Dead load: 1500 lb/ft. However, most long-span buildings then were single level constructed using vaults and domes. Based on the anticipated Post Tensioned Concrete Beam Bridge - Fatigue Design; Double T-Beam Post Tensioned Concrete Bridge. Figure shows . (They may also be used for 2 span beams but support moment coefficient = 0. Also, remember, you can add results from beams together using the method of superposition. info@alsyedconstruction. It is shown analytically that anchoring the tendons at locations less than a critical distance from the beam end would result in the strengthened beams performing satisfactorily Hello I was looking for some tips on designing large, long span concrete beams. 2 m on centers. This video presents two different methods for estima plainly reinforced concrete simple span beam and fixed . These principal stresses change direction from horizontal at the longitudinal reinforcement to 45 degrees at the Reinforced concrete beams play a critical role in the structural integrity of buildings and infrastructure projects. 1. Girder spans also range from 15 feet to 45 feet in 5-foot increments for each of the beam spans noted. 10. 00 kN/m 2 partition allowance; Beam centres(mm) Block Spacing’ Self-Weight (kN/m2) Imposed Live Load kN/m2: 0. 5 2. Concrete beams are reinforced with steel rods (reinforcing bars) in order to resist internal tension forces within the cross section. Facebook; Instagram The choice of material for the beam affects its span. Spanwright UK are a leading manufacturer of precast concrete solutions for UK and Irish Construction Projects. the web on center spacing) The shear span-to-effective depth ratio (a/d) is one of the factors governing the shear behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) beams, with or without shear reinforcement. RISAFoundation automatically breaks a concrete physical member into spans based on the number of internal supports. 5 in. The longer of two adjacent spans does not exceed the shorter by more than 20 percent. A cross section which was 150mm concrete beams are most commonly used in domestic house building projects, garages, extensions, conservatories etc. What is the effective span of the Beam? Design a suitable section for bending and determine the necessary tensile steel Lec. The aim of this work is to analyses and design medium span continuous beams of prestressed concrete, effects of prestressing continuous beams, its advantages and disadvantages and how to make a cable profile concordant. ) Use #4 bars for stirrups (A s Mn for a Singly Reinforced Concrete Beam. Toggle child pages in navigation. The longest prestressed concrete beams ever manufactured were successfully installed in the Netherlands. composite metal decking - 50 ksi steel yield - 3 ksi concrete strength - 1 hour fire rating 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Classification Beam Span, B1 (ft) Table G to G45 Design Criteria - Dead Load includes system self weight (slab + steel) Three-point bending (TPB) beams with small span-depth ratios, i. There are numerous Beam span length, L = 100 in. Powered by WebStructural. 28 clear span in the short direction 17. Table 2 span to depth ratio based on the span and type of beams, IS 456 2000. Engineer's Calculator is a free online calculator to help you solve beam bending forces, cross section properties, steel and wood beam designs, concrete spread footing capacity and anchor bolt capacities. Span could be the most challenge issue that studied over long decades where herein a simplified design choices for spanning 10m with reinforced concrete beam, either to be rectangular beam or T Beam Spans. 5 limit both the minimum and maximum A continuous central band-beam 7m long, double-equal span is placed at 6m intervals. 2 18/ 12 E Figure 4 – Effective Beam and Slab Sections (Interior Beam). cantilever beam cracked under applied load. S in. 0 2. Strain distribution is assumed to be linear. MAXIMUM DEPTH OF THE BEAM. carries R C slab 200 mm thick spans 4 m centres in the transverse . 94 in. . 5 MPa (according to test results for 150 × 150 × 150 mm 3 cubes) was used in the construction of all the specimens. RCC beam size for 26 feet span:- for 26 foot span, size of reinforced beam for 2-3 storey residential building, using thumb rule, is about 12″×24″ in which beam width is 12″ and beam depth is 24″, providing with minimum of 4 nos of 16mm bar at top, 4nos of 20mm bar at bottom and 2 nos 16mm as crank bar of Fe500 with Stirrups Welcome to Spanwright UK . In high-strength concrete (HSC), cracks may propagate between the aggregate particles and result in a brittle failure which is against the philosophy of most design guidelines. If you have lateral concrete beams you will also want to make sure your model has been analyzed in RAM Frame. The maximum span & depth of a beam (cantilever / Before designing the concrete beam, initial sizing is done to prepare the concrete outline drawings. Different topping-slab thicknesses, concrete densities, and beam spacings A floor system shown in Figure-10 consists of a 75 mm concrete slab supported by concrete T-beams with a 7. Author(s): Kang-Hai Tan, Fung-Kew Kong, Susanto Teng, and LingweiI Guan. 2 of IS:456 (2000) pg. the same unloaded beams with pre-stressing forces applied . Greater accuracy may be achieved by considering small increments of span and computing relevant curvatures and thus overall deflections. The ratio of beam depth to its width is recommended to be between Effective Span: Usually the c/c span of the beam member is taken into account for further reference. It makes it easy to select a suitable size beam for analysis and design. 00 in. (230 × 230 mm). 3 wt lb/ft 12RB16 12 16 192 4096 8 512 200 Span, ft 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 Nineteen reinforced concrete deep beams with compressive strengths in the range of 41 MPa less than or equal to 59 MPa (6000 psi less than or equal to 8600 psi) Title: High-Strength Concrete Deep Beams With Effective Span and Shear Span Variations. e. The concrete elastic modulus was 3. Also, use Fe 415 steel. The beam calculator is a great tool to quickly validate forces in beams. 48. Serving quick solutions to structural engineering problems. 5 in Let’s consider a simple supported beam with a span of a uniform load of w = 10 kN/m over a L = 10m span, and the following material properties: Young’s modulus, E = 200,000 MPa, and the moment of inertia about the y axis is I = It is load bearing structure and flexural member of concrete that vertical transfer all the incoming dead load,live load and self load of rcc slab to the column via column beam joint through development length of structure element. 85 longest . With a variety of standardised beams already on offer, we developed the capacity to manufacture tailor-made, precast concrete beams and columns to suit individual client requirements. In this article, each section of the calculator will be explained followed by a few worked examples. The experimental findings indicated that using the hybrid reinforcement of steel and GFRP in multi-span continuous concrete beams exhibited a ductile behaviour. The hard maximum deflection allowed for the beam, regardless of span length. Therefore, the analysis of the continuous beam framing into columns must use traditional analysis methods and will be Reinforced Concrete Cantilever Beam Analysis and Design (ACI 318-14) Cantilever beams consist of one span with fixed support at one end and the other end is free. 9 Rectangular Beam Load Tables Normalweight concrete Section Properties Designation b in. Al-Musawi Reinforced Concrete Design I Page 1 1. Viest, and Clyde E. • Total width: 1/12 of the beam span • Overhang: 6 x slab thickness • Overhang: ½ the clear distance to next beam Slab on both sides: be least of either (total width) or (2 x overhang + stem) • Total width: ¼ of the beam span • Overhang: 8 x slab thickness • Overhang: ½ the clear distance to next beam (i. If you are unsure of the current status of the model: To design all your concrete beams you need to be in the Concrete Beam Design Mode. The characteristics live load is 12 kN/m and the grade of concrete is M20. Beam spans in these tables range from 15-feet to 45-feet, in 5-foot increments. 8kn/m2 for finishes bison ref beam size (mm) effective beam centres (mm) slab self weight kn/m 2 characteristic imposed load kn/m2 1. To switch to the concrete beam mode: Select Mode – Concrete Beam. Wood, steel, and reinforced concrete have different load-bearing capacities, impacting how far a beam can Spans of up to 6m installed only; Weight per 260mm slab: 660kg/m2; More reinforced concrete beams needed; Average price of slab – R500/m2 incl materials, engineer’s fees and transport; Installation cost of slab – R180-R200/m2; Concrete cost (casting) 0. com; Call/Whatsapp +92 333 0270001. See clause 22. Balance loads are compared to the self weight of the concrete section since only the concrete will be present during stressing. Instead, we go through the whole model geometry to determine where a beam is supported. 34. Young’s Modulus is set to a default value of 200,000 MPa or 29000 ksi for structural steel, but can be edited by the user. Length of Beam is the total including all spans of the beam, in mm or ft. The structural beams can be designed as L-shaped, T-shaped, rectangular or square with the main purpose to prevent deflection of a concrete slab when adding brickwork and load on top of it. 4 y b in. 456:2000 for designing of minimum size of RCC column for 2- 3 storey building its recommendation is:- a) for cantilever beam span to effective depth ratio is 7 (span/effective depth=7 Basics of Reinforced Concrete Slab Design Slabs are generally designed on the assumption that they consists of a number of beams of breadth ‘one meter’. Special vehicles (LM3) with Traffic Loader; This tutorial deals with a simple 3-span concrete slab bridge. We can always take the standard size of the rcc concrete beam size at least 230mm x 230mm (9” x 9”) in which width and depth of beam is 230mm (9″). For additional explanations on using these tables, refer to the respective handbook editions. They have been calculated in accordance with BS8110. 2. Depth of beam: 24 in. Kesler Publication: Journal Proceedings Volume: 55 Issue: 4 Appears on pages(s): 1089-1130 Keywords: no keywords DOI: 10. Unlike wood and steel, which can withstand substantial tension stress, concrete may be safely stressed only in Simply Supported Reinforced Concrete Beam Analysis and Design (ACI 318-14) Simply supported beams consist of one span with one support at each end, one is a pinned support and the other is a Beam span length, L = 25 ft Use #9 bars for longitudinal reinforcement (A s = 1. lightweight concrete topping - 3 in. D = In This Article, We Will Explain About Maximum Size Of Concrete Slab, Beam & Column Calculation. The analytical model of the bridge consists of shell elements and beam elements for the columns. 85. 8 kN/m 2 (75mm Screed) finishes + 1. Solutions Project Type Concrete For Tunnelling Agricultural Building Supplies Load / Span Charts for 225mm deep beams at varying centres. Minimum concrete cover: 1. > h = 24 in. 0 m. 2 and coefficients can’t be used. ‘A’, ρ = A sprov / bd), then the allowable L / d is almost constant for f s down to 200N/mm², so if a slab or beam fails a span/depth ratio This concrete beam calculator will calculate for the design capacity for i beam (lvl), t beam and rectangle sections with reinforcement. The choice of method being set via Design Options > Concrete > Beam > General Parameters. Rodriguez, Albert C. 33 ft Use #9 bars for longitudinal reinforcement (A s = 1. The experimental An investigation of simple-span reinforced concrete beams strengthened by external tendons that are anchored at intraspan locations is carried out and reported herein. 456:2000 for designing of minimum size of RCC column for 2- 3 storey building its recommendation is:- a) for cantilever beam span to effective depth ratio is 7 (span/effective depth=7 What Is The Maximum Span Of A Concrete Beam? In residential applications, the clear span at a maximum spacing in a standard domestic application is 4671mm. A rectangular reinforced concrete beam is to be simply supported on two walls of 125 mm width with a clear span of 6. But a less tedious approach is to limit the span-depth ratio as this in turn limit the possible curvature of the beam. End Span: 2. We are CE Certified to design and manufacture linear structural elements to EN 13225 ensuring not only a reliable product, but The approach to designing reinforced concrete beam to EC2 is to design for ultimate limit state and check whether serviceability limit state criteria are met. A concrete lintel with an effective span of 4. Use it to help you design steel, wood and concrete beams under various loading conditions. xla zynhy nuo jqkcegf cygc jvry hiosd wpywwm btghiy xawop